Multiple Meaning Words (II)

     We had already seen that in both Spanish and English there are  many words that are spelled the same but have different meanings based on the context in which it is used. They are called homonyms and tend to be commonly called multiple meaning words. Today, Spelling City decided to give us a  list of multiple meaning words such words, that can bring confusion for those who are learning English

bat (noun)

 -an implement with a handle and a solid surface, usually of wood, used for hitting the ball in games such as baseball, cricket, and table tennis.
 "Well, it turns out nobody officially tests balls hit by aluminum bats under game conditions."

 

-a mainly nocturnal mammal capable of sustained flight, with membranous wings that extend between the fingers and connecting the forelimbs to the body and the hindlimbs to the tail.

"Small and furry, bats are the only mammals to have achieved powered flight."

stick 

 

(noun) -a thin piece of wood that has fallen or been cut from a tree. A thin piece of wood that has been trimmed for a particular purpose, in particular.

"Hayes picked up a fallen stick and twirled it idly between his fingers."

(verb) -push a sharp or pointed object into or through (something).

"He stuck his fork into the sausage"

trip

(verb) -catch one's foot on something and stumble or fall.

"He tripped over his cat"

 (noun) -an act of going to a place and returning; a journey or excursion, esp. for pleasure.

"Sally's gone on a school trip"

trunk (noun)

 -a closed space to save stuff

"The boy keeps his toys in a trunk"

 -the elongated, prehensile nose of an elephant.

"The trunk of an Asian elephant is so exquisitely prehensile that it can pick up a dime from a concrete floor."

break

 (noun) -an interruption of continuity or uniformity.

"I will take a lunch break at noon"

 

(verb) -separate or cause to separate into pieces as a result of a blow, shock, or strain.

"the rope broke with a loud snap"

   If you want to delve a little deeper and you obtain more examples here I leave the link to the previous lesson in which there is a list of such words; and also the link to articles section in Spellingcity.com

Science Vocabulary (II)

     Hi there!!!  We are already seeing the second round of the words of many of the topics we've covered. We saw math vocabulary, compound words, more R-controlled vowels, and today we are going to see Science vocabulary 2.  Is very important to cover all branches of life to increase our vocabulary in English, so this kind of list are always very useful.
       Through Spelling City  we saw the list of the following words:
       Matter---anything that has mass and takes up space

        Melt------to change from solid to liquid

        Boil-------to form gas bubbles in a liquid with heat

        Liquid-----a sustance that flows, a fluid

        Solid------state of matter that has definite shape

        Gas--------invisible state of matter, like air

        Heat-------energy felt by warmth from the sun

        Mass------amount of matter in an object

        Change----to turn into somethingelse or become different

        Atom------smallest building block of matter

       This was the list today,  it  includes vocabulary pertaining to earth and space:

 galaxy-- star, gas and dust held together by gravity
planet-- large object that revolves around the sun
orbit-- the path of an object rotating around another
moon-- rock mass that revolves around a planet
universe-- all of outer space, all planets and all stars
force-- a push or a pull
axis-- tilted center line around which the earth rotates
star-- a large mass of brightly glowing gases in space
eclipse-- an event where object in space hides another
gravity-- the force that pulls objects toward earth

     
       To inform a bit more I recommend you  to consult the following link leading to the Articles section in SpellingCity / Articles.


     You can also expand your vocabulary as I have done with this other list:

Science Vocabulary Word List

A astrophysics astronomy atom B beaker biochemistry biology botany Bunsen burner burette C cell chemical chemistry climate climatologist control cuvette D data datum E electricity electrochemist element energy entomology evolution experiment

F fact flask fossil funnel G genetics geology geophysics glassware graduated cylinder gravity H herpetology hypothesis I ichthyology immunology L lab laboratory laws lepidoptery

M magnetism mass matter measure meteorologist meteorology microbiologist microbiology microscope mineral mineralogy molecule motion O observe observatory organism ornithology P paleontology particle Petri dish phase physical science physics pipette Q quantum mechanics

R radiology research retort S scale science scientist seismology T telescope temperature test tube theory thermometer tissue V variable virologist volcanology volume volumetric flask W watch glass weather weigh Z zoology

Here are the VocabularySpellingCity science vocabulary lists:

Science Vocabulary Lists
By Grade
Kindergarten Science Words
1st Grade Science Words
2nd Grade Science Words
3rd Grade Science Words
4th Grade Science Words
5th Grade Science Words
6th Grade Science Words
7th Grade Science Words
8th Grade Science Words
High School Science Words
By Category Elementary & Middle School (K-8) Scientific Inquiry Matter Energy Motion Space Science Earth Science Life Science High School (9-12) Integrated Science Ecology Chemistry Physics Earth Science Space Science Biology

More R-Controlled Vowels

     Previously we saw that R-controlled vowels are vowels that sometimes sound a little different when they come before the letter r, and we also discuss some common ways in which we can see this phenomenon phonetic English.

-A verb expresses an action in a sentence.
-A worm had eaten a small hole in my apple.
-Someone who is alert  always pays attention.
-The waiter will serve us at the restaurant.
-The bird flew to sit on the egg in the nest.
-The wigggling toddler will squirm in her lap.
-The thirsty boydrank a glass of water.
-The water balloon burst in a wet explosion.
-I urge you to watch this award-winning movie.
-The road will curve at the roundabout.

     Now here's a list for you to continue you expand your vocabulary; you also have the next link. If you want to remember, you can  go back to the previous lesson about r controlled vowels right here.

circus                 alert                     circular                      stern                      smirk
survey                splurge                 urgent                        mystery                 permanent
dirty                   vertex                   perfume                    earn                       search
vertical               cursive                  verb                          merchant               quirky
fury                    perform                circle                         swirl                      internal
confirm              service                  rehearse                    external                 hurricane
curfew               pearl                     deserve                     birth                      termite
firm                   jersey                    turbulent                    emergency            squirrel
circulatory         earliest                  earlier                        earthquake            earnest
research            inertia                    twirl                          serve                     concert
nervous             squirm                   affirm                        commerce             skirmish
burrow              insert                     hermit                       purpose                 purple
terms                miserable               percent                     current                   learn
conserve           turn                       verse                         surround

Adverbs

     An adverb is a part of speech  that is primarily used to modify a verb, adjective, or other adverb. Adverbs can also modify prepositional phrases, subordinate clauses, and complete sentences.
     We can see some examples when it modifies:
-a verb ------ He drove slowly. — How did he drive?
-an adjective ------ He drove a very fast car. — How fast was his car?
-another adverb ------ She moved quite slowly down the aisle. — How slowly did she move?
    The general rule to form adverbs is to add the suffix "-ly" to an adjective, equivalent to the ending"-mente" in Spanish: quick → quickly (rápido → rápidamente) ;  honest → honestly (honrado → honradamente). For adjectives ending in a consonant, "-y" change the ending "-y" by "-ily": easy → easily (fácil → fácilmente) ;
happy → happily (alegre → alegremente). Adjectives ending in "-ic" are changed to "-ically": automatic → automatically (automático → automáticamente) ;  tragic → tragically (trágico → trágicamente). In adjectives ending in "-le" is changed to "-ly": terrible → terribly (terrible → terriblemente)  ;  true → truly (verdad → verdaderamente). However, many words and phrases not ending in -ly serve an adverbial function (just, still, almost, not) and an -ly ending is not a guarantee that a word is an adverb. The words lovely, lonely, motherly, friendly, neighborly, for instance, are adjectives:
     The most used termination is shown in the examples of Spelling City:

        Adverbs are classified as:

Adverbs of Manner (carefully, correctly, eagerly, easily, fast, loudly, patiently, quickly, quietly, well)
   She moved slowly and spoke quietly.

Adverbs of Place (abroad, anywhere, downstairs, here, home, in, nowhere, out, outside, somewhere, there, underground, upstairs)
   She has lived on the island all her life.
   She still lives there now.

Adverbs of Frequency ( always, every, never, often, rarely, seldom, sometimes, usually)
   She takes the boat to the mainland every day.
   She often goes by herself.

Adverbs of Time (after, already, during, finally, just, last, later, next, now, recently, soon, then, tomorrow, when, while, yesterday)
   She tries to get back before dark.
   It's starting to get dark now.
   She finished her tea first.
   She left early.

Adverbs of Purpose (so, so that, to, in order to, because, since, accidentally, intentionally, purposely)
   She drives her boat slowly to avoid hitting the rocks.
   She shops in several stores to get the best buys.

R-Controlled Vowels

     You might have noticed that vowels sometimes sound a little different when they come before the letter r. Today we will learn about these vowels, called r-controlled vowels.
 

 
   Here are some of the sounds that vowels make before the letter r:
   When e is followed by r at the end of a word, it has the same sound as in the word her.
baker      butter      fern      lantern
  The letters i and u have the same sound as er at the end of a word or before another consonant.
skirt      curl      purse     shirt      dirt        bird     burn      Saturday
   The letter o can have the same sound as er in many common words. This happens after w:
world     word     work
   It always has this sound in a syllable that doesn’t have the main accent:
color      horror
   Elsewhere, or sounds like the squawk vowel most of the time when it comes before r at the end of a syllable.
formal      corn      sort      stork
   The letter a sounds like the a in ma and pa before r in these words:
car      farm       park       star      part
   The silent-e rule works well with vowels followed by r:  long a + r = hare; long i + r = fire
   The letter u sounds like “ you” before r in these words:
pure     cure      endure   
   Long o + r does not have the sound of long o for most people, but sounds like the squawk vowel.
store      more     core     tore
    At the end of 2-syllable words, the ure sounds like er:
picture       creature      feature      nature
   The regular vowel teams work well before r: deer, hair;   oa + r has the same sound as the squawk vowel: roar
   Irregular vowel teams make different sounds before r. Most of the time, the vowel pair ea sounds like long -e before r:  fear, spear, near.

Compound Words (II)

    HELLO BLOGGERS!!!
As we have seen above, compound words are very common in Spanish and also in English. A compound word is made when two words are joined to form a new word. For example:
Bed + time = bedtime
Eye + sight = eyesight
    Previously, Spelling City provided a list of  this words, let review:

  



  In this list there were some words that I ignored. So I sought its Spanish translation.
        firefly (luciérnaga)                                  fingerprint (huella dactilar)
        handstand (parada de manos)                snowflake (copo de nieve)

                                     sunburn (quemadura de sol)

  






   
  
     Today we are presented with a new list, here it is: 
checkout--- caja (drawer, box, crate, case, cash)              outside--- fuera (out, on the outside, out-of-door)

somewhere--- en algún lugar (someplace)                         sidewalk--- acera (pavement, footpath, pathway)

downtown--- centro de la ciudad (city center, midtown)    textbook--- libro de texto (schoolbook)
bookmark--- marcapáginas                                              snowball--- bola de nieve

sunlight--- luz solar (sunshine)                                            flashlight--- linterna eléctrica
 

-The customers waited to pay at the checkout.

-We like to go outside to play in the yard.

-Let´s go somewhere different for dinner.

-I walk on the sidewalk, not in the street.

-I work downtown in the business district.

-I studied a chapter in my Science textbook.

-A bookmark saves my place in the novel.

-She packed ice into a snowball and threw it.

-Some plants like bright sunlight and others grow under shade.

-Carry a flashlight to illuminated the dark path.

   

     As always, I invite you to consult Speling City, this time in the Articles section, where you will deepen in terms of compound words. To do this, click HERE. However, I leave the next list, I hope you will be helpful to developed your vocabulary, as I do.

More About Math Vocabulary

    Today we continue with more words related to mathematical vocabulary. In one of the first lessons of the course we had seen an instructive list, where I joined a new word to my cultural wealth: sort (ordenar). The following list, that is specific to the geometry, was also very helpful.

area---two dimensional measured space
angle---space between the meeting of two lines
vertex---the highest point of something
ray---a line, shaft, or beam; a light beam
face---the outer, prominent surface of something
base--- the lowest part of something
side---one line, or edge, thath bounds a shape
point---a precise location
polygon---closed plane figure with 3 or more straight sides
lines---thin, continuous marks

   To go deeper into this topic I suggest you access these lists of Math Vocabulary on VocabularySpellingCity.com.

Math Vocabulary Lists
By Grade
Kindergarten Math Words
1st Grade Math Words
2nd Grade Math Words
3rd Grade Math Words
4th Grade Math Words
5th Grade Math Words
6th Grade Math Words
7th Grade Math Words
8th Grade Math Words
High School Math Words
By Category Elementary School (K-5) Counting & Cardinality Algebraic Thinking Base Ten Operations Fractions Measurement & Data Geometry Middle School (6-8) Ratios & Proportions The Number System Expression & Equations Statistics & Probability Functions Geometry High School (9-12) Number & Quantity Algebra Modeling Statistics & Probability Functions Geometry

    Well, here I leave one of my custom lists, with other words of Math vocabulary. Enjoy it!!! Click here

Long /i/ Vowel Patterns

     Long vowel is the term used to refer to vowel sounds whose pronunciation is the same as its letter name. The five vowels of the English spelling system (a, e, i, o, and u) each have a corresponding long vowel sound. Long vowels are generally the easiest vowels for non-native English speakers to distinguish and pronounce correctly.  In previous lessons we had already seen the long sounds of a, e, o, u, so we only have the vowel i, and today is our focus.
The long i vowel sound can be spelled with various patterns.

 Both of these patterns have the sound of long (i). The vowel (i) followed by (gh), usually has a long (i) sound. Ej.:

blight	fight	insight	right
bright	flight	light	sigh
candlelight	flighty	lightning	sight
copyright	frighten	midnight	slight
daylight	high	might	thigh
delight	highjack	night	tight
enlighten	highness	plight	tonight

As you recall (-y) at the end of 2 syllable words, has a long (e) sound as in (any); (-y) at the end of 1 syllable words, has a long (i) sound as in (try). Ej.:

by	fly	my	sly
cry	fry	shy	try
dry	guy	sky	why

 To exercise this sound Spelling City gave the following list of words and there are the sentences of the writing practice.

-Pop is a kind of music.
-When he reaches adolescence, stop being a child.
-She listen more than normal because she is blind.
-The pilot landed the plane perfectly.
-Old photos remind me of you.
-I injured my thigh muscle doing excercise.
-The flight from Spain to Cuba lasts 9 hours.
-The lion is a stunning and mighty beast.
-You have no right to judge me without evidence.
-I'm in high school.

Past Tense Verbs (irregular verbs)

     The English language has three basic tenses: past, present, and future. Within these verb tenses, there is a progressive form to indicate ongoing action, a perfect form to indicate completed action, and a perfect progressive form to indicate ongoing action that will be completed at some definite time. But today we will look at the simple past tense.
    For example: “We visited the grocery store yesterday.” Visited is a simple past tense verb that is used to describe a completed action. So, past tense expresses an action or situation that was started and finished in the past. Most past tense verbs end in -ed  to add this ending to the simple present tense form. However, irregular verbs change completely in this tense and are not subordinated to rules; we must memorize the irregular shape.
     Today Spelling City gave me a list of ten irregular verbs  that are:

-She paid for her candy with a dolar bill.
-We met last year, and then met again yesterday.
-He drove his car to the store.
-I chose one thing and not the other.
-She kept the secret and did not tell anyone.
-You wrote theletter last week, but I only got it today.
-We froze the water into ice cubes.
-She knew all the facts about the subject.
-I drew the picture of my cat with a pencil.
-He drank the milk in one big swallow.

   If you are looking for tools to learn verb tenses, look no further! VocabularySpellingCity has everything from verb tense printable worksheets and presentations to various verb tense games. And you can comprove that right here  
  Here is a list of common irregular verbs:

Simple Present	Simple Past	Past Participle
arise awake be bear beat become begin bend bet bite bleed blow break bring build burn burst buy catch choose cling come cost creep cut deal dig dive do draw dream drink drive eat fall feed feel fight find fit flee fling fly forbid forget forgive forgo freeze get give go grind grow hang have hear hide hit hold hurt keep kneel knit know lay lead leap leave lend let lie (down) light lose make mean meet pay prove put quit read ride ring rise run saw say see seek sell send set sew shake shave shear shine shoot show shrink shut sing sink sit slay sleep slide sneak speak speed spend spill spin spit split spread spring stand steal stick sting stink strew strike strive swear sweep swim swing take teach tear tell think thrive throw undergo understand upset wake wear weave weep win wind withdraw wring write	arose awoke was, were bore beat became began bent bet bit bled blew broke brought built burned or burnt burst bought caught chose clung came cost crept cut dealt dug dived or dove did drew dreamed or dreamt drank drove ate fell fed felt fought found fit, fitted fled flung flew forbade or forbad forgot forgave forwent froze got gave went ground grew hung or hanged had heard hid hit held hurt kept knelt or kneeled knitted or knit knew laid led leapt or leaped left lent let lay lit or lighted lost made meant met paid proved put quit read rode rang rose ran sawed said saw sought sold sent set sewed shook shaved sheared shone or shined shot showed shrank or shrunk shut sang sank sat slew slept slid sneaked or snuck spoke sped spent spilled or spilt spun spat or spit split spread sprang stood stole stuck stung stank or stunk strewed struck strove or strived swore swept swam swung took taught tore told thought thrived or throve threw underwent understood upset woke or waked wore wove wept won wound withdrew wrung wrote	arisen awoken been borne beaten or beat become begun bent bet bitten bled blown broken brought built burned or burnt burst bought caught chosen clung come cost crept cut dealt dug dived done drawn dreamed or dreamt drunk driven eaten fallen fed felt fought found fit, fitted fled flung flown, forbidden or forbade forgotten forgiven forgone frozen gotten or got given gone ground grown hung or hanged had heard hidden hit held hurt kept knelt or kneeled knitted or knit known laid led leapt or leaped left lent let lain lit or lighted lost made meant met paid proved or proven put quit read ridden rung risen run sawed or sawn said seen sought sold sent set sewn or sewed shaken shaved or shaven sheared or shorn shone or shined shot shown or showed shrunk or shrunken shut sung sunk sat slain slept slid sneaked or snuck spoken sped spent spilled or spilt spun spat or spit split spread sprung stood stolen stuck stung stunk strewn struck or stricken striven or strived sworn swept swum swung taken taught torn told thought thrived or thriven thrown undergone understood upset woken or waked worn woven wept won wound withdrawn wrung written